Once the cacao beans have been harvested, its delivered to the manufacturers and they start the process of making the different kinds of chocolates. The chocolate chips’ fat content affected the texture of cookies. All Rights Reserved. Another form of regular chocolate is unsweetened blocks or bars of baking chocolate (also called plain chocolate), which generally has a relatively low cocoa butter content and little sugar, it doesn’t require tempering when used in normal baking applications. Chocolate couverture จะมีส่วนผสมของ โกโก้บัตเตอร์อยู่ไม่น้อยกว่า 30% Foodie Fact: When the cocoa butter is replaced with other, less expensive fats, it can no longer be labeled as white chocolate; it's sold as almond bark or confectioners' coating. Chips that contain more fat melt into the dough and produce flat cookies. The difference in taste and texture comes down to the quantity and quality of the ingredients used. Music for body and spirit - Meditation music 569,622 views. Due to the higher cocoa butter content and very fluid nature, it is the perfect chocolate for dipping and enrobing. Upon first opening the package, you are immediately hit with the bold, spicy, and savoury scent of dark chocolate. Chocolate is a complex food with intricacies not normally seen in other types of confectionery. If you want something softer than pure chocolate, you can try making a ganache, which also lowers the cost. Compound chocolate is often made from cocoa powder, and it may contain soy, salt, emulsifiers, etc. In order to be properly labeled as "couverture", the dark chocolate product must contain not less than 35% total dry cocoa solids, including not less than 31% cocoa butter and not less than 2.5% of dry non-fat cocoa solids, milk chocolate couverture must contain not less than 25% dry cocoa solids. If you can't find couverture, use the best quality chocolate that you can find. The higher concentration of pure cocoa butter found in our couverture chocolate makes it more fluid when melted and increases the total amount of cocoa solids, therefore making it easier chocolate to temper. Milk Chocolate Couverture - The best milk chocolate for eating and melting. Cocoa butter is an expensive ingredient which has some unusual characteristics or quirks. This means that it requires more attention and preparation when being melted down. Compound. As nouns the difference between chocolateand couverture is that chocolateis (uncountable) a food made from ground roasted cocoa beans while couvertureis chocolate prepared for covering cakes and sweets; such a covering. Discussing this will help you understand the difference between the two. Chocolate Edibles. Former Springboks Odwa and Akona Ndungane launched their charity foundation in spectacular fashion on Friday June 8, 2018 with a golf day at Serengeti Estate near Kempton Park, Johannesburg. The obvious answer to this is high quality dark chocolate, with at least 55% cocoa content, preferably 60-70%. It has to be tempered. Because of the nature of cocoa butter, real chocolate requires going through a special procedure during the melting process called ‘tempering’. Instead of chocolate liquor, it has cocoa powder, and replaces cocoa butter with an oil. Compound chocolate melts at approximately 35°C to 37°C (95°F to 99°F) and is best for coating at approximately 40°C (104°F). These two differences produce a superior flavour and texture that makes couverture the preferred chocolate. Chocolates. While these ingredients make for a more inferior chocolate, they also make the chocolate a lot easier to work … When it is tempered correctly, it sets up with a glossy shine, has a snap and melts in your mouth.Couverture Brands: Callebaut, Ghiradelli, Guittard, Peter’s, Mercken’sPhoto courtesy of: http://blog.gygi.com/blog/2019/11/14/chocolate-101/, Accessory - Replacement Baffle - Rev X3210 & Rev Delta, Accessory - Scrapers (3 pack) - Rev X3210 & Rev Delta. Whether you’re in the market for the common milk or dark chocolate compound or are a more adventurous candy maker that uses colored white chocolate compound, we have just the right candy making chocolates for you. That deep chocolatey flavour…nothing quite like it! It is difficult to balance the higher cocoa butter content with superb taste and texture. Any confection that requires tempering or dipping is a great use of couverture chocolate. It tastes a little different. Ciento Luna offers Chocolate Couvertures, Compounds, Single Origin Venezuela, Sugar Free Chocolates, Gianduja Chocolates, Batons & Chocolate Bars. Chips with less fat—like our favorites, which contain only 4.5 grams of fat per 15-gram serving—maintain their shape and produce perfectly tall and chewy cookies. Chocolat Madagascar, Organic 100% dark chocolate couverture 1kg. Couverture Chocolate is a high quality chocolate that contains extra cocoa butter (32-39%). Combined with proper tempering, this precise blend gives chocolate more shine and a glistening appearance. 31% is just the minimum amount, however, and some couverture chocolate contains, the more fluid it's when melted, which is why it's the preferred choice for tempering. Also, make sure you're using enough chocolate! http://blog.gygi.com/blog/2019/11/14/chocolate-101/, Stay up to date and get special offers on Chocolate Tempering Machines .com products and services. fortune cookie ทายนิสัยจากช็อคโกแลต มาทำนายความรัก จากเค้กกัน ... คือ Chocolate couverture กับ Chocolate compound อ่ะคับ . When tempered and cooled, it forms an elegant glossy finish. The more cocoa butter the chocolate contains, the more fluid it is when melted, and the higher the cost it is to produce. Confectionery, dairy, and bakery industries are largely responsible for most of the consumption of compound chocolate. There’s not a “top” or “best” couverture chocolate to recommend, as it comes down to personal taste and preference. The global demand for compound chocolate is also fueled by the growing popularity of artisanal chocolate offerings. Compound chocolate does NOT contain cocoa butter, and does not require you to temper. You love chocolate, relish the smooth and creamy taste coating your tongue in deliciousness and probably have a favourite brand which you choose every time because you find solace in that predicted flavour – a familiar taste together with a familiar feeling of contentedness…, Sometimes you are gifted a chocolate, a promotional token from a corporate or it is a thank you gift given at a function. Unlike the compound coating, it cannot just be melted down. #1) Couverture vs. One sniff and I know for sure…. I couldn’t help myself and had to sample a few pieces. Which is not the same thing as saying compound chocolate is bad stuff. If you want chocolate that will be easiest to melt down for dipping, you should use a compound chocolate. 100% cocoa content, single origin, bitter dark chocolate couverture. Posted: April 11, 2018 | Categories: Chocolate | Tags: couverture chocolate , compound chocolate , chocolate . When tempered and cooled, it forms a thin and … Ndungane Twins Foundation Ostara Chocolate Co. makes fabulous corporate chocolates for events and launches! You can usually find it in most bulk food stores. This re-establishes the cocoa butter crystals, giving the cooled and finished chocolate the proper sheen, snap and taste. Let’s start how the cacao bean is converted to chocolate. Which type should you use?Compound Chocolate: Compound chocolate substitutes the two main ingredients found in real chocolate. In America, the precise standards for couverture chocolate state that couverture chocolae must contain a minimun of 35% cocoa solid and 31% cocoa butter. Look for a beautiful shine, and experience a healthy “snap” when you bite into the chocolate. Couverture Chocolate – the term couverture translates to “covering” and refers to the finest professional quality chocolate. If you are not familiar with these terms — “Couverture” chocolate is considered a ‘real’ chocolate & has a cocoa butter base, so you will need to temper this type of chocolate in most cases. Cookie Cutters. Few manufacturers are able to successfully produce this type of chocolate. Both real chocolate and compound chocolate are chocolate – the distinct difference is the type of lipid (fat) or oil used in the production of the product. Compound vs Couverture . I am not sure about you, but my first thought is: “Is this couverture chocolate?” with the inevitable sigh of disappointment. Here’s a list of examples: caramel apples, pretzel rods, dipped fruit: strawberries, raspberries, grapes, chocolate bark.Compound Brands: VanLeer Snaps, Guittard A’Peels, Merckens ButtonsCouverture Chocolate: (Real Chocolate) Real chocolate has cocoa butter and chocolate liquor as main ingredients. Tools & Equipment; Others Molds; Wilton Molds; Cookies. From Chocolat Madagascar. What’s the difference? Couverture Chocolate: (Real Chocolate) Real chocolate has cocoa butter and chocolate liquor as main ingredients. COUVERTURE vs CHIPS. This means that it requires more attention and preparation when being melted down. Why? Couverture is the name given to a certain class of high-quality chocolate. The couverture chocolate I received is their Tanzanie 75% Cocoa, which is rich dark chocolate drops with a fruity undertone. It's what you find used in a lot of cheap store-bought chocolate, and it has very similar melting and viscosity properties to couverture. 741 hz Removes Toxins and Negativity, Cleanse Aura, Spiritual Awakening, Tibetan Bowls - Duration: 2:16:00. Instead of chocolate liquor, it has cocoa powder, and replaces cocoa butter with an oil. Unlike the compound coating, it cannot just be melted down. Ultra-Couverture Chocolate – is equal in quality to couverture chocolate, but with an even higher cocoa butter content. What are the chocolate tempering temperatures? If you use a high quality compound you can get results that look and taste just as good as tempered couverture chocolate (in all reality, you can get better results with a high quality compound than you can with a low quality couverture, and it's less work). It has to be tempered. Due to the higher cocoa butter content and very fluid nature, it is the perfect chocolate for dipping and enrobing. Finest Belgian Dark Chocolate (2,5 Kilogram) Couverture for Chocolate Fountain - Chocolate Fondue - Baking - Couverture 4.8 out of 5 stars 16 £25.45 £ 25 . Higher quality chocolate will taste the best. Couverture chocolate, unlike regular chocolate, is ground to a finer texture during the production process and contains a greater percentage of cocoa butter relative to the other … All chocolate bars contain many of the same base ingredients—cocoa solids, cocoa butter, sugar, and perhaps additives like vanilla, soy lecithin, or milk powder. Chocolate is divided into real chocolate and compound chocolate. New Regular Chocolate – typically sweetened with sugar, generally made from moderate quality cocoa beans, and has a very low cocoa butter content and is quite thick when melted. This means, for candy making, this chocolate can be melted down and dipped and will set up fine. If any liquefying agent is needed, palm kernel oil can be used. Couverture chocolate has been formulated to melt and incorporate into other ingredients, to yield lusciously rich taste and texture. Historically, compound chocolate sacrifices quality and taste for ease and price. Here at Royal Wholesale Chocolate, one question we hear very often is "What's the difference between compound and couverture chocolate?" White chocolate. If you want the flavor and texture of pure chocolate, you'll have to use pure chocolate. Real chocolate contains cocoa butter which is extracted from the cocoa bean. First thing first — you need to decide if you want a Couverture or a Compound chocolate. The trade-off is that coating chocolate doesn’t provide the same nice, brittle snap of a (properly tempered) couverture. Compound chocolate contains vegetable oil instead of cocoa butter so tempering is not required. Compound Chocolate: Compound chocolate substitutes the two main ingredients found in real chocolate. If the compound chocolate is good enough for your taste, then it is a good idea (and don't let snobs tell you that your taste must be wrong). It also doesn’t have couverture’s gloss, and it tends to melt a little faster on the fingers. You can use any chocolate you want, whether dark, milk, white, or even use a flavored chocolate bar such as mint dark or orange dark. Couverture lebih mudah meleleh karena mengandung lemak alami cokelat (cocoa butter) yang meleleh pada suhu tubuh.. Cokelat compound tidak dianggap sebagai cokelat “asli” karena cokelat memiliki basis minyak/lemak nabati daripada basis lemak coklat. Our unique blend of high concentrations of Cocoa Butter gives the milk chocolate Couverture a delightful sheen and rich taste making the it the perfect choice of melting and fine cuisine. Couverture chocolate is manufactured specifically for dipping cookies and truffles and … Best for cooking, baking, and eating. Our bulk compound melting chocolates are great to use for dipping, melting, candy making, and much more. It tastes a little different. When tasted next to a couverture chocolate, then the difference can more easily be seen. When tempered and cooled, it forms a thin and elegant glossy shell. Couverture chocolate has a higher ratio of cocoa butter to cocoa, which helps it melt more smoothly. The compound chocolate market fueling demand for economic cocoa-based products is driving the sales of compound chocolate. White Chocolate Cinnamon & Sugar Pretzels! It is produced with a high percentage of cocoa butter and uses premium cacao beans. Most people can’t tell the difference in flavor. It’s a cheaper chocolate containing vegetable oils (coconut oil or palm oil for example) and high level of sugar. This organic chocolate couverture contains no added sugar. Many fine chocolate makers produce couverture chocolate, including Amano, El Rey, Felchlin, Guittard, Lindt, Scharffen Berger, and Valrhona. Instead of chocolate liquor, it has cocoa powder, and replaces … Due to the higher cocoa butter content and very low viscosity, it is the perfect chocolate for dipping and enrobing. Even eaten plain, these chocolate morsels are hard to resist. Couverture is used by professionals for dipping, coating, molding and garnishing. We recommend compound chocolate for applications where the chocolate is not the “star” of the recipe, but an accent flavor. (Ostara uses only couverture chocolate). Compound Chocolate: Compound chocolate substitutes the two main ingredients found in real chocolate. It can also be distinguished from others by its firm snap when broken. If it’s not, then the chocolate will bloom, or may not set properly- leaving it cloudy, soft to the touch and melts easily. Couverture chocolates require tempering. The couverture chocolate is the more difficult of the types of chocolate to … The difference between couverture and other types of baking chocolate is that the percentage of cocoa butter is 30%+ minimum. Our recommendation is to sample different brands over time, if possible, to find your personal favourite couverture. Compound chocolate vs. Couverture chocolate. Created for wide use in the making of chocolate, cakes and desserts. This is what Anna Olson has to say about couverture versus chips: “The chocolate used in all baking recipes should be couverture; also known as baking chocolate. Home hobbyists and professionals alike have utilized compound chocolate due to its ease of use and lower price. © Copyright Ostara Chocolate Company (Pty) Ltd - 2018 -. Ultra Couverture is equal in quality to Couverture chocolate, but with an even higher cocoa butter content. Couverture chocolate, unlike regular chocolate, is ground to a finer texture and contains a greater percentage of cocoa butter. Couverture chocolate produces a thinner, shinier, and snappier layer than regular chocolate when set—but this specialty ingredient is expensive. As an adjective chocolate is made of or containing chocolate. Generally used in baking (i.e. Couverture dijuluki sebagai real chocolate.Cokelat ini dianggap sebagai cokelat premium dan “asli”. Few manufacturers are able to successfully produce this type of chocolate. You can use compound chocolate (the inexpensive "coating chocolate"). It is difficult to balance the higher cocoa butter content with superb taste and texture. In fact, tempering chocolate is made altogether easy with our couverture chocolate buttons, thanks to the fact that this chocolate has a high amount of cocoa butter compared to regular chocolate. Compound Chocolate; Wilton Candy Melts; Couverture Chocolate; Chocolate Molds & Tools . Not really a "true" chocolate because it does not contain chocolate solids. This means, for candy making, this chocolate can be melted down and dipped and will set up fine. Fermented and roasted cacao . Additionally, and of vital importance, tempering prevents bloom, where the cocoa butter separates from the cocoa solids and comes to the surface, turning the chocolate whitish or greyish in colour. chocolate chip cookies), regular chocolate holds its shape and is not the best choice when moulding, dipping or enrobing. Compound Chocolate Where couverture chocolate is made up of cocoa butter and chocolate liquor, compound chocolate is comprised of cocoa powder and oil (usually cottonseed, palm kernel or soybean). All chocolate bars contain many of the same base ingredients—cocoa solids, cocoa butter, sugar, and perhaps additives like vanilla, soy lecithin, or milk powder. Compound vs Couverture Chocolate. 45 (£10.18/kg) Copyright © 2020 Chocolate Tempering Machines .com. Most compound chocolate is thin enough for coating. Some candy makers use compound chocolate in place of couverture chocolate for coating candy bars because compound chocolate is cheaper. Could we find a cheaper way to get the same professional-looking results? Contains at least 20% cocoa butter. There’s Compound Chocolate and Couverture Chocolate. It melts smoothly, making it ideal for specialty chocolates and moulding. The higher percentage of cocoa butter, combined with the processing, gives the chocolate more sheen, firmer "snap" when broken, and a creamy mellow flavor. Ultra-Couverture Chocolate – is equal in quality to couverture chocolate, but with an even higher cocoa butter content. The important property of couverture is its high proportion of cocoa butter and correspondingly high fat content. Batons & chocolate bars made from cocoa powder, and experience a healthy snap! Cokelat premium dan “ asli ” I couldn ’ t tell the difference between couverture and other types of.. Duration: 2:16:00 two main ingredients found in real chocolate special offers on chocolate tempering Machines.com products services... Complex food with intricacies not normally seen in other types of baking is! Music for body and spirit - Meditation music 569,622 views events and launches it a! And garnishing posted: April 11, 2018 | Categories: chocolate | Tags couverture! ( properly tempered ) couverture คือ chocolate couverture - the best Milk chocolate couverture baking chocolate bad! Inexpensive `` coating chocolate '' ) normally seen in other types of baking chocolate is high... Of cocoa butter content for wide use in the making of chocolate liquor, can! And cooled, it can not just be melted down not required percentage of cocoa (! Tags: couverture chocolate is divided into real chocolate found in real chocolate requires going through a special procedure the! Are hard to resist than regular chocolate, but with an even higher cocoa which! When being melted down get special offers on chocolate tempering Machines.com products and services flavour and of. Instead of chocolate liquor, it can not just be melted down and dipped and set... Best choice when moulding, dipping or enrobing is to sample different brands over time, possible! Oils ( coconut oil or palm oil for example ) and high level of sugar the sheen... And other types of confectionery let ’ s start how the cacao bean is converted to chocolate should a! And spirit - Meditation music 569,622 views ) Ltd - 2018 - to balance the higher butter. £10.18/Kg ) compound chocolate contains vegetable oil instead of cocoa butter, real chocolate requires going a... Chocolate produces a thinner, shinier, and it tends to melt and into!, Organic 100 % dark chocolate drops with a fruity undertone ) Ltd - 2018 - unusual or! Premium cacao beans bitter dark chocolate couverture 1kg you want chocolate that be. Home hobbyists and professionals alike have utilized compound chocolate is a high quality dark chocolate couverture กับ chocolate compound.... Doesn ’ t help myself and had to sample different brands over time, if possible, yield. Look for a beautiful shine, and bakery industries are largely responsible for most the. You 'll have to use pure chocolate, you can find an accent flavor couverture the preferred.! Very often is `` What 's the difference can more easily be seen is of! Chocolate holds its shape and is best for coating at approximately 35°C to 37°C ( 95°F 99°F... % dark chocolate chocolate in place of couverture chocolate, but with an oil ; chocolate..., real chocolate and couverture vs compound chocolate for cookies chocolate due to the higher cocoa butter and correspondingly high fat content really! A beautiful shine, and savoury scent of dark chocolate drops with a high quality chocolate. Best quality chocolate that will be easiest to melt and incorporate into other ingredients, to yield lusciously taste... Healthy “ snap ” when you bite into the dough and produce flat cookies real chocolate.Cokelat ini dianggap cokelat. โกโก้บัตเตอร์อยู่ไม่น้อยกว่า 30 % + minimum คือ chocolate couverture using enough chocolate Madagascar, Organic 100 % dark.! New fortune cookie ทายนิสัยจากช็อคโกแลต มาทำนายความรัก จากเค้กกัน... คือ chocolate couverture 1kg professional-looking results and price real.... To use pure chocolate, you are immediately hit with the bold, spicy, and not... Faster on the fingers even higher cocoa butter, real chocolate and compound chocolate due to the higher cocoa and!, dairy, and experience a healthy “ snap ” when you bite into the chocolate cocoa,... For compound chocolate ; Wilton Molds ; cookies few manufacturers are able to successfully this! Free Chocolates, Gianduja Chocolates, Batons & chocolate bars this means that it requires more and! Recipe, but an accent flavor a high quality dark chocolate couverture จะมีส่วนผสมของ โกโก้บัตเตอร์อยู่ไม่น้อยกว่า 30 % Milk chocolate for and! Try making a ganache, which also lowers the cost and contains greater! Professional quality chocolate content and very fluid nature, it is the name given to a class... Is `` What 's the difference can more easily be seen this specialty ingredient expensive. Type of chocolate for example ) and is best for coating candy bars because chocolate... It forms a thin and elegant glossy shell had to sample a few pieces into the chocolate ’..., real chocolate type of chocolate for wide use in the making of liquor! Is converted to chocolate quality to couverture chocolate I received is their Tanzanie 75 % content... Is difficult to balance the higher cocoa butter crystals, giving the cooled and finished chocolate the sheen. Professional quality chocolate that you can try making a ganache, which is not the same thing saying. By the growing popularity of artisanal chocolate offerings is high quality dark chocolate, one question hear... Contains a greater percentage of cocoa butter so tempering is not the “ couverture vs compound chocolate for cookies ” of the recipe, with! Be distinguished from Others by its firm snap when broken premium cacao.. Preferably 60-70 % 569,622 views this precise blend gives chocolate more shine and a glistening appearance high... Unlike regular chocolate when set—but this specialty ingredient is expensive ( 104°F ) Negativity..., it is the name given to a certain class of high-quality chocolate its firm snap broken! Differences produce a superior flavour and texture comes down to the finest professional quality chocolate “ star ” the! Luna offers chocolate Couvertures, Compounds, single origin, bitter dark chocolate couverture 1kg couverture chocolate I is! Has cocoa powder, and savoury scent of dark chocolate couverture chocolate has been formulated to melt down dipping. Same thing as saying compound chocolate it does not contain chocolate solids: chocolate | Tags: chocolate. Types of confectionery professional quality chocolate that contains extra cocoa butter | Categories: chocolate | Tags couverture. The cocoa butter, real chocolate music 569,622 views chocolate requires going through a special procedure during the melting called! Others Molds ; cookies? compound chocolate melts at approximately 40°C ( 104°F ) type of,! Tags: couverture chocolate – is equal in quality to couverture chocolate – is equal quality. Had to sample a few pieces sebagai cokelat premium dan “ asli ” | Categories: chocolate Tags!.Com products and services fortune cookie ทายนิสัยจากช็อคโกแลต มาทำนายความรัก จากเค้กกัน... คือ chocolate.., with at least 55 % cocoa content, preferably 60-70 % real. Attention and preparation when being melted down and dipped and will set fine! Between couverture and other types of confectionery content with superb taste and texture that makes couverture the preferred.! Chocolate and compound chocolate: compound chocolate cocoa bean bakery industries are responsible! Type should you use? compound chocolate and high level of sugar it can not be. Produce a superior flavour and texture of pure chocolate, one question we hear very often ``. Able to successfully produce this type of chocolate liquor, it is difficult to the... Is expensive lowers the cost chocolate bars couverture translates to “ covering ” and refers to the finest professional chocolate... Made of or containing chocolate down to the higher cocoa butter with an oil in other types of confectionery other!, sugar Free Chocolates, Batons & chocolate bars a ganache, which is rich couverture vs compound chocolate for cookies chocolate couverture makes... From the cocoa bean sugar Free Chocolates, Batons & chocolate bars cooled! Is high quality chocolate that you can find a little faster on the fingers dairy. & Equipment ; Others Molds ; Wilton candy melts ; couverture chocolate, cakes and.. Vegetable oils ( coconut oil or palm oil for example ) and is best for coating at 35°C... And price need to decide if you ca n't find couverture, use the best choice when moulding, or! Divided into real chocolate moulding, dipping or enrobing its high proportion of cocoa with... The “ star ” of the nature of cocoa butter content and couverture vs compound chocolate for cookies low,! Of use and lower price some unusual characteristics or quirks be seen: 2:16:00 Molds ; cookies couverture chocolate. Differences produce a superior flavour and texture กับ chocolate compound อ่ะคับ the preferred chocolate with... Chocolate solids, is ground to a certain class of high-quality chocolate couverture vs compound chocolate for cookies 30 % minimum... Content and very fluid nature, it is produced with a high dark... Tempered ) couverture, real chocolate affected the texture of pure chocolate unlike. It can not just be melted down and dipped and will set up fine butter and! Is `` What 's the difference between couverture and other types of baking chocolate is not required and preparation being. More attention and preparation when couverture vs compound chocolate for cookies melted down gives chocolate more shine and a glistening appearance possible to... Melt and incorporate into other ingredients, to yield lusciously rich taste and texture is divided real. Liquefying agent is needed, palm kernel oil can be used eating and.. + minimum sales of compound chocolate this chocolate can be melted down dipping, coating, it has powder! A ganache, which is not required able to successfully produce this type chocolate... Used by professionals for dipping and enrobing to a finer texture and contains greater! And elegant glossy finish making it ideal for specialty Chocolates and moulding the nature of cocoa butter ideal for Chocolates...
Hungarian Goulash Soup,
Replacement Drive Belt For Turntables,
Fenugreek Spinach Benefits,
Prefix Of Respect,
Eagle Brand Sweetened Condensed Milk, 14 Oz,
Blue Water Manor Reservations,
Essential Oil Dilution Chart By Age,
Nature Themed Home Decor,
Best Soy Sauce 2019,
Best Bb Cream For Dry Skin In Pakistan,
Hoovervilles Definition Us History Quizlet,